ABSTRACT
Background: Safe motherhood initiatives was a worldwide effort launched by WHO in 1987 with an aim to reduce the number of deaths of women associated with pregnancy and childbirth. Appropriate antenatal care (ANC) is one of the pillars of this initiative and an important component of reproductive and child health. The present study was conducted to assess the utilization of antenatal care services, its contributing factors and its impact on birth weight of new-born.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 3 months at Ankuli, field practice area of urban health training centre, Department of Community Medicine. A total of 138 mothers (delivered within 2 years) were included by cluster sampling. Women who were sick and did not give consent were excluded from the study. A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection and analysed in SPSS version 16. Chi-square test and bivariate logistic regression was applied at p value <0.05.Results: About 55.07% of mothers were in 25-34 years of age group, 47.82% had studied secondary education and 36.23% mothers belonged to lower middle-class socioeconomic status (SES). About 60.87% of mothers had availed antenatal services completely. Education of the participant and her husband, SES and family type were significant contributors of ANC service utilization. There was a significant association between complete ANC utilization and birth weight of the baby (p<0.05).Conclusions: The utilisation of the antenatal services was low among the mothers in our study which can be increased by proper IEC activities.
ABSTRACT
Background: In order to eliminate measles and rubella (congenital rubella syndrome) WHO has emphasized on measles and rubella (MR) vaccination campaign and India launched the ambitious MR Campaign with the help of WHO and GAVI. In Odisha the MR campaign was launched on January 29 with a target to cover nearly 1.13 crore children. The objective of the present study is to assess the knowledge of parents regarding measles and rubella infection and to identify the source of information regarding MR campaign. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Sambalpur City across 10 private schools during February 10 to March 12. Total 440 parents of children aged 5-15 years were given a questionnaire about socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards MR Campaign. The data were collected subsequently in the next 10 days. Out of 440 parents 408 returned filled up questionnaire. Data were entered into and analyzed by using Microsoft Excel.Results: Out of the 408 respondents 362 (88.7%) parents had knowledge about MR campaign. 156 respondents was aware about importance of rubella vaccine. Parent teacher meeting (PTM) was the leading source of information for these. 388 (95%) respondent’s children had received the vaccine during campaign.Conclusions: Parent-teacher's meeting was the main source of information. However social mobilisation such as street play, miking, rallies by school children and NGOs etc., needs to be taken up for such campaigns in future.
ABSTRACT
Background: Injuries are an increasingly recognized global, preventable public health problem and are an important cause of mortality and morbidity in adult population. The major causes of injury related deaths may be intentional and unintentional. The major unintentional or “accidental” causes are road traffic accidents (RTAs), falls and drowning whereas the leading intentional causes are suicide and homicide. A robust Surveillance System for Injury Mortality is almost non-existent in our country due to which the data for the same is not available and haphazard. Keeping these factors in mind, the following study was under taken to identify the various epidemiological factors related to fatal injury cases.Methods: A record based retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Community Medicine, VSSIMAR, Burla, Odisha. The data were collected from the autopsy reports preserved at the Dept of FM & T, VSSIMSAR. Variables like age, sex, number of injury cause of death, place of death etc. were collected. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analysed using proportions and percentages.Results: The age group 25-44 years recorded the maximum number of deaths (37.49%). Males suffered the highest casualty accounting for 61.85% of deaths. Unintentional fatal injuries constituted 63.58% of deaths. The most number of fatal injuries resulting in deaths were RTAs (36.41%).Conclusions: The age group 25-44 years recorded maximum deaths. Males were the major death victims. RTAs constituted maximum of deaths among unintentional fatal injuries. Homicidal injuries constituted maximum of deaths due to intentional fatal injuries.
ABSTRACT
The present study was designed to assess the various epidemiological factors related to cases of road traffic accident and to study the socio clinical aspects of patients admitted to the trauma Centre. For the purpose of the study, a Road Traffic Accident (RTA) was defined as “an accident, which took place on the road between two or more objects, in which one is any kind of moving vehicle and the other a human being”.The cases that are admitted to the Trauma Care Centre, Orthopedic ward, Surgery ward and FMT department following Road Traffic Injury during the study period (1st January 2011 to 30th June 2012) constituted the study population. It was a Descriptive study in which the victims of the accidents were interviewed to obtain the information about the circumstances leading to accident. Where the condition of the victims did not warrant the interview, the relatives or attendants were interviewed. The information about the patients brought dead to the dept. of F.M.T for Post mortem examination was collected from the relatives, policemen & witnesses. A pre-tested Performa specially designed for this purpose was used for interviewing the accident victims. For Statistical analysis Chisquare test, Proportions, SPSS-17 were used.